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Diabetes is a disease that refers to conditions in which the hormone insulin, produced in an organ in the body called the pancreas, is insufficient or ineffective. Insulin is a hormone that allows sugar (glucose) in the body to enter the cells, helping to provide energy. Diabetes refers to a condition in which this process is impaired, and is usually characterized by high levels of blood sugar.
Types of Diabetes:
Type 1 Diabetes: Usually starts in childhood or young adulthood. The immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, which stops insulin production.
Type 2 Diabetes: This is the more common type and usually occurs in middle-aged and older people. Insulin is produced, but cells do not respond to insulin. In this case, the body cannot use insulin effectively.
Gestational Diabetes: This is a condition that can occur during pregnancy. It usually resolves after birth, but there is a risk of developing into type 2 diabetes later in life.Gestational Diabetes: A condition that can occur during pregnancy. It usually resolves after birth, but there is a risk of developing into type 2 diabetes later in life.
Symptoms of Diabetes:
- Frequent urination
- Excessive thirst and hunger
- Sudden weight loss
- Tiredness
- Blurred vision
- Prolonged wound healing process
Diabetes Management:
Balanced Nutrition: A healthy diet plays an important role in keeping blood sugar under control. Choosing foods with a low glycemic index, consuming foods with fiber, and portion control are beneficial.
Regular Exercise: Physical activity can help insulin to be used more effectively. Daily exercise contributes to weight control and improved overall health.
Medication Medicines: can help regulate blood sugar. People with type 1 diabetes usually need insulin injections, while people with type 2 diabetes can use oral medications or insulin.
Regular Check-ups: Regularly checking blood glucose levels is important for diabetes management. This can help adjust the treatment plan and reduce the risk of complications.
Complications of Diabetes:
- Heart diseases
- Kidney problems
- Eye problems (retinopathy)
- Nerve damage (neuropathy)
- Foot problems
Diabetes is a long-term condition and can be managed with lifestyle changes and regular medical follow-up. Regular health check-ups are important if you notice any symptoms or if you are at risk of diabetes.